CHD-Ox

The CHD-Ox process generates hydroxyl ions through advanced oxidation reactions, which play a crucial role in breaking down toxic compounds. 

Cavitation occurs when pressure changes lead to the formation and collapse of bubbles, producing high temperatures and pressures that enhance oxidation reactions. 

Nanobubbles, with their large surface area, promote the generation of reactive oxygen species (ROS) when combined with catalysts and oxidants. 

This synergy accelerates the degradation of refractory COD compounds, effectively converting harmful pollutants into biodegradable forms, thereby improving wastewater treatment efficiency and reducing toxicity for downstream biological systems.